2023

Execution moves to a second layer

Transactions execute on a second layer, which submits only the aggregate result to the main chain for settlement; the cost per transaction dropped by an order of magnitude.

Watch it happen in “Rebuild” →

Why it happened

  1. 01主链验证的是汇总结果，不是其中的每一笔。
  2. 02批量处理把固定成本摊到大量交易上。
  3. 03同期出现了相反的路线：把数据直接写入比特币区块。

Before · After

Before

Every transaction had to occupy main-chain block space directly.

After

Capacity went up, but the role that decides the order of second-layer transactions is usually held by a single company.

Why it matters

Capacity grew without touching the main chain — at the price of a new dependency on whoever sequences the second layer.

Related entities

Sources